What Are Euro Banknotes and Coins? Your Ultimate Guide

May 16, 2025
by admin

What Are Euro Banknotes and Coins? Your Ultimate Guide

Euro Banknotes And Coins are the tangible currency of the Eurozone, and euro2.net is here to provide you with the latest information, expert analysis, and helpful tools to navigate the world of euro exchange rates. Whether you’re an investor, business owner, traveler, or simply curious about the euro, understanding its value and economic impact is essential. Stay informed about euro exchange rates, currency conversions, and economic factors influencing the euro’s performance on euro2.net.

1. What Are Euro Banknotes and Coins?

Euro banknotes and coins represent the official currency of the Eurozone, a monetary union comprising 20 of the 27 member states of the European Union. These physical forms of currency are used for everyday transactions and serve as a store of value.

Euro coins feature a common European side and a national side, reflecting the issuing country’s unique symbols. According to the European Central Bank (ECB), both euro banknotes and coins are legal tender throughout the Eurozone, meaning they must be accepted as payment for debts and obligations.

2. What Denominations of Euro Banknotes Are Available?

There are currently two series of euro banknotes in circulation: the first series and the Europa series. The denominations are as follows:

€5 (Euro)
€10 (Euro)
€20 (Euro)
€50 (Euro)
€100 (Euro)
€200 (Euro)
€500 (Euro) (Note: The €500 banknote is no longer being issued but remains legal tender.)

3. What Are the Key Features of the “Europa” Series Euro Banknotes?

The Europa series is the second and current series of euro banknotes, designed with enhanced security features and a refreshed look. Key features include:

Watermark: Each banknote features a watermark depicting Europa, a figure from Greek mythology, visible when held against the light.
Hologram: A holographic stripe or patch displays images of Europa, the denomination, and the euro symbol (€).
Emerald Number: A shiny number in the bottom left corner changes color when tilted and displays a light effect.
Raised Print: Short, raised lines along the edges of the banknotes make them easier to identify, especially for the visually impaired.
Security Thread: A dark, embedded thread within the banknote displays the word “EURO” and the denomination in tiny letters.

4. What Are the Architectural Periods Represented on Euro Banknotes?

Euro banknotes feature stylized architectural designs representing different periods in European history, symbolizing unity and cultural heritage. The architectural styles are:

€5: Classical
€10: Romanesque
€20: Gothic
€50: Renaissance
€100: Baroque and Rococo
€200: Iron and Glass Architecture

These designs do not depict specific monuments but are generic representations of the architectural styles.

5. How Do the “Europa” Series Banknotes Differ From the First Series?

The Europa series banknotes have several key differences from the first series, including:

Enhanced Security Features: The Europa series incorporates more advanced security features, such as the portrait watermark and emerald number, making them more difficult to counterfeit.
Updated Design: The Europa series features a refreshed design with brighter colors and a more modern look.
Durability: The banknotes are coated to increase their durability and lifespan.
Inclusion of Europa Portrait: The watermark and hologram include a portrait of Europa, giving the series its name.

6. Are First Series Euro Banknotes Still Valid?

Yes, all banknotes from the first series remain legal tender, including the €500 banknote, which has not been issued since 2019. According to the European Central Bank (ECB), first series banknotes will gradually be phased out of circulation as they are replaced by the Europa series.

7. What Are the Denominations of Euro Coins?

Euro coins come in eight denominations:

1 cent
2 cents
5 cents
10 cents
20 cents
50 cents
€1
€2

8. What Is the Design of Euro Coins?

Euro coins have a common European side, designed by Luc Luycx, which depicts the value of the coin and a map of Europe. The reverse side is specific to each country and features national symbols, historical figures, or other designs chosen by the issuing country. Despite the different national sides, all euro coins are legal tender throughout the Eurozone.

9. What Security Features Are Present in Euro Coins?

While euro coins have fewer overt security features than banknotes, they still incorporate several elements to deter counterfeiting:

Bimetallic Composition: The €1 and €2 coins are bimetallic, consisting of two different metals, making them more difficult to replicate.
Edge Milling: The edges of some euro coins have unique milling patterns, adding another layer of security.
Material Composition: The specific alloys used in euro coins are carefully controlled to ensure consistent weight and electromagnetic properties.

10. What Is the Role of the European Central Bank (ECB) in Managing Euro Banknotes and Coins?

The European Central Bank (ECB), in cooperation with the national central banks of the Eurozone, is responsible for issuing euro banknotes. The national central banks issue euro coins. The ECB also oversees the production, distribution, and security of euro banknotes and coins to maintain confidence in the currency. Additionally, the ECB conducts research and development to enhance the security features of euro banknotes and coins and combat counterfeiting, states the official website of ECB.

11. What Factors Influence the Exchange Rate Between the Euro and the US Dollar?

The exchange rate between the euro (EUR) and the US dollar (USD) is influenced by a complex interplay of economic, political, and market factors. Key factors include:

Interest Rates: Interest rate differentials between the European Central Bank (ECB) and the Federal Reserve (the Fed) can impact the exchange rate. Higher interest rates in the US may attract investors, increasing demand for the dollar and potentially weakening the euro.
Economic Growth: Relative economic performance in the Eurozone and the US plays a significant role. Stronger economic growth in the US may lead to a stronger dollar, while weaker growth in the Eurozone could weaken the euro.
Inflation: Inflation rates in both regions influence purchasing power and currency values. Higher inflation in the Eurozone relative to the US could lead to a weaker euro.
Government Debt: High levels of government debt in Eurozone countries can undermine investor confidence and weaken the euro.
Political Stability: Political events and policy changes in both regions can impact investor sentiment and currency values.
Market Sentiment: Market speculation and investor risk appetite can also drive short-term fluctuations in the EUR/USD exchange rate.

euro2.net provides real-time exchange rates and expert analysis to help you stay informed about these factors and their impact on the euro.

12. How Can I Track the Euro Exchange Rate Against the US Dollar?

Tracking the euro exchange rate against the US dollar (EUR/USD) is essential for businesses, investors, and travelers. You can monitor the exchange rate through various sources, including:

Financial News Websites: Reputable financial news websites like Bloomberg, Reuters, and the Wall Street Journal provide real-time exchange rates and market analysis.
Currency Converter Tools: Online currency converter tools, such as those available on euro2.net, offer up-to-date exchange rates and allow you to convert between EUR and USD quickly and easily.
Financial Data Providers: Financial data providers like Refinitiv and Bloomberg offer comprehensive data and tools for tracking exchange rates and analyzing market trends.
Mobile Apps: Many mobile apps provide real-time exchange rates and currency conversion features.

euro2.net offers a user-friendly platform for tracking the EUR/USD exchange rate, along with historical data and customizable alerts.

13. What Are the Potential Risks and Benefits of Investing in Euros?

Investing in euros, like any currency investment, carries both potential risks and benefits:

Potential Benefits:

Diversification: Investing in euros can diversify your portfolio and reduce exposure to the US dollar.
Potential Appreciation: If the euro strengthens against the dollar, your euro-denominated investments will increase in value when converted back to dollars.
Interest Rate Differentials: You may be able to earn higher interest rates on euro-denominated investments compared to dollar-denominated investments.

Potential Risks:

Exchange Rate Risk: Fluctuations in the EUR/USD exchange rate can erode the value of your euro-denominated investments when converted back to dollars.
Economic and Political Risk: Economic and political instability in the Eurozone can negatively impact the value of the euro.
Interest Rate Risk: Changes in interest rates by the European Central Bank (ECB) can affect the value of euro-denominated investments.

Before investing in euros, it’s essential to carefully consider your risk tolerance and investment objectives. euro2.net provides expert analysis and resources to help you make informed investment decisions.

14. What Is the Impact of Brexit on the Euro?

Brexit, the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union, has had several impacts on the euro:

Economic Impact: Brexit has created economic uncertainty in both the UK and the Eurozone, potentially affecting trade, investment, and economic growth.
Political Impact: Brexit has led to increased political fragmentation within Europe, which could weaken the euro.
Financial Market Impact: Brexit has caused volatility in financial markets, including currency markets, impacting the EUR/USD exchange rate.

According to a report by the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Brexit has negatively impacted trade between the UK and the EU, which could indirectly affect the euro.

euro2.net provides in-depth analysis of the ongoing impacts of Brexit on the euro and the Eurozone economy.

15. How Does the European Central Bank (ECB) Influence the Value of the Euro?

The European Central Bank (ECB) plays a crucial role in influencing the value of the euro through its monetary policy decisions. The ECB’s main tools include:

Interest Rates: The ECB sets key interest rates, such as the main refinancing rate, which influences borrowing costs for banks and businesses in the Eurozone.
Quantitative Easing (QE): The ECB can purchase government and corporate bonds to inject liquidity into the financial system and lower borrowing costs.
Forward Guidance: The ECB communicates its intentions regarding future monetary policy, influencing market expectations and currency values.

According to the ECB’s website, the central bank aims to maintain price stability in the Eurozone, which can impact the value of the euro.

euro2.net provides timely updates and analysis of ECB policy decisions and their potential impact on the euro.

16. What Are the Economic Challenges Facing the Eurozone?

The Eurozone faces several economic challenges that can impact the value of the euro:

Sovereign Debt Crisis: High levels of government debt in some Eurozone countries remain a concern.
Banking Sector Weaknesses: Some Eurozone banks face challenges related to non-performing loans and low profitability.
Structural Issues: Structural issues such as labor market rigidities and lack of competitiveness can hinder economic growth.
Demographic Challenges: Aging populations and low birth rates in some Eurozone countries can put a strain on public finances.

According to a report by the European Commission, addressing these economic challenges is crucial for the long-term stability of the Eurozone and the euro.

euro2.net provides comprehensive coverage of the economic challenges facing the Eurozone and their potential impact on the euro.

17. How Does Global Economic Growth Affect the Euro?

Global economic growth can significantly affect the euro. Here’s how:

Increased Demand for Eurozone Exports: Strong global growth typically leads to increased demand for goods and services from the Eurozone, boosting its economy and potentially strengthening the euro.
Capital Flows: Global economic stability encourages investment in the Eurozone, increasing demand for the euro.
Commodity Prices: Changes in global commodity prices, particularly oil, can impact the Eurozone’s economy and currency value.

According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), global economic outlooks can heavily influence currency valuations, including the euro.

euro2.net provides updates on global economic trends and their impact on the euro, aiding informed financial decisions.

18. What Role Do Political Events Play in the Euro’s Valuation?

Political events significantly influence the euro’s valuation:

Elections and Policy Changes: Elections in major Eurozone economies can lead to policy shifts that affect economic stability and investor confidence.
Geopolitical Tensions: International conflicts or trade disputes involving the Eurozone can create uncertainty and weaken the euro.
EU Policy Decisions: Decisions made by the European Union, such as fiscal policies or regulatory changes, can impact the economic outlook and the euro’s strength.

Political stability within the Eurozone and in its relations with other countries is crucial for maintaining investor confidence and supporting the euro’s value.

euro2.net offers real-time coverage and analysis of political events affecting the euro, providing insights for strategic financial planning.

19. What is the Future of Euro Banknotes and Coins?

The future of euro banknotes and coins is evolving with technological advancements and changing consumer preferences:

Digital Euro: The European Central Bank (ECB) is exploring the possibility of introducing a digital euro, a central bank digital currency (CBDC) that would complement physical banknotes and coins.
Cash Usage: While digital payment methods are becoming increasingly popular, cash remains an important means of payment, particularly for small transactions and certain demographics.
Security Features: Ongoing research and development efforts are focused on enhancing the security features of euro banknotes and coins to combat counterfeiting.

According to the ECB, the digital euro aims to provide citizens and businesses with a safe and efficient digital form of central bank money, while preserving the role of cash.

euro2.net provides continuous updates on the latest developments in the future of euro banknotes and coins, including the potential introduction of a digital euro.

20. How Can Businesses Mitigate Currency Risk When Dealing with Euros?

Businesses engaged in international trade with the Eurozone face currency risk due to fluctuations in the EUR/USD exchange rate. Several strategies can help mitigate this risk:

Hedging: Using financial instruments such as forward contracts, options, and currency swaps to lock in a specific exchange rate for future transactions.
Natural Hedging: Matching euro-denominated revenues with euro-denominated expenses to reduce exposure to exchange rate fluctuations.
Currency Invoicing: Invoicing customers in US dollars instead of euros to shift the currency risk to the buyer.
Diversification: Diversifying markets and suppliers to reduce reliance on the Eurozone.

According to a report by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), effective currency risk management is essential for businesses operating in international markets.

euro2.net offers resources and tools to help businesses assess and mitigate currency risk when dealing with euros.

21. Where Can I Find Reliable Information and Tools for Euro Exchange Rates and Currency Conversion?

Finding reliable information and tools for euro exchange rates and currency conversion is essential for making informed financial decisions. You can find these resources at:

euro2.net: Our website provides real-time exchange rates, historical data, currency converter tools, and expert analysis of factors influencing the euro.
Financial News Websites: Reputable financial news websites like Bloomberg, Reuters, and the Wall Street Journal offer up-to-date exchange rates and market analysis.
Central Bank Websites: The European Central Bank (ECB) and the Federal Reserve (the Fed) websites provide official information on monetary policy and economic data.
Financial Data Providers: Financial data providers like Refinitiv and Bloomberg offer comprehensive data and tools for tracking exchange rates and analyzing market trends.

euro2.net is your go-to source for reliable information and user-friendly tools for navigating the world of euro exchange rates and currency conversion.

22. What Are the Different Types of Exchange Rates?

Understanding the different types of exchange rates is important for anyone dealing with foreign currencies:

Spot Rate: The current exchange rate for immediate delivery of a currency.
Forward Rate: The exchange rate agreed upon today for a transaction that will take place at a future date.
Fixed Exchange Rate: An exchange rate that is set and maintained by the government or central bank.
Floating Exchange Rate: An exchange rate that is determined by market forces of supply and demand.

euro2.net provides real-time spot rates and forward rates for the euro against various currencies, helping you make informed decisions about currency transactions.

23. How Does Inflation in the Eurozone Affect the Value of Euro Banknotes and Coins?

Inflation in the Eurozone can affect the value of euro banknotes and coins in several ways:

Decreased Purchasing Power: Higher inflation erodes the purchasing power of euro banknotes and coins, meaning you can buy less with the same amount of money.
Interest Rate Adjustments: The European Central Bank (ECB) may raise interest rates to combat inflation, which can increase the value of the euro.
Exchange Rate Fluctuations: Higher inflation in the Eurozone relative to other regions can lead to a depreciation of the euro against other currencies.

According to the European Central Bank (ECB), maintaining price stability is its primary objective, and it closely monitors inflation to ensure the value of the euro.

euro2.net provides up-to-date information on inflation rates in the Eurozone and their potential impact on the value of the euro.

24. What Are the Key Economic Indicators to Watch in the Eurozone?

Monitoring key economic indicators in the Eurozone can provide valuable insights into the health of the economy and the potential direction of the euro. Important indicators include:

GDP Growth: Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth measures the overall economic output of the Eurozone.
Inflation Rate: The inflation rate measures the rate at which prices are rising in the Eurozone.
Unemployment Rate: The unemployment rate measures the percentage of the labor force that is unemployed.
Consumer Confidence: Consumer confidence surveys gauge consumer sentiment about the economy.
Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI): The PMI is a survey-based indicator of business activity in the manufacturing and services sectors.

euro2.net provides real-time data and analysis of key economic indicators in the Eurozone, helping you stay informed about the economic outlook and potential impact on the euro.

25. How Can I Use Euro2.net to Stay Informed About Euro Banknotes and Coins?

euro2.net offers a range of resources and tools to help you stay informed about euro banknotes and coins:

Real-Time Exchange Rates: Track the latest EUR/USD exchange rate and other currency pairs.
Currency Converter: Convert between euros and other currencies quickly and easily.
Historical Data: Access historical exchange rate data to analyze trends and patterns.
Expert Analysis: Read in-depth analysis of factors influencing the euro from our team of financial experts.
News and Updates: Stay up-to-date on the latest news and developments related to the euro and the Eurozone economy.

Visit euro2.net today to explore our comprehensive resources and stay informed about euro banknotes and coins.

26. What is the Impact of Quantitative Easing on Euro Banknotes?

Quantitative easing (QE) refers to the actions of central banks buying government bonds or other financial assets to inject liquidity directly into the economy. The impact of quantitative easing on euro banknotes and coins is as follows:

Devaluation of the Euro: QE can lead to the devaluation of the euro, as increasing the money supply can dilute its value relative to other currencies.
Inflation: Injecting liquidity can stimulate economic activity, potentially leading to inflation if demand outstrips supply.
Impact on Interest Rates: QE can lead to lower interest rates as bond prices increase.

According to a study by the European Central Bank, quantitative easing has been effective in stimulating economic activity in the Eurozone, but it also carries risks of inflation and currency devaluation.

27. What Are the Long-Term Trends Affecting Euro Banknotes and Coins?

Several long-term trends are shaping the future of euro banknotes and coins:

Digitalization of Payments: Increasing adoption of digital payment methods, such as mobile payments and cryptocurrencies, is reducing the demand for physical cash.
Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs): The potential introduction of a digital euro could transform the role of euro banknotes and coins.
Demographic Shifts: Aging populations and changing consumer preferences are influencing payment patterns.
Sustainability Concerns: Growing awareness of environmental issues is driving demand for more sustainable payment methods.

These trends suggest that while euro banknotes and coins will continue to play a role in the Eurozone economy, their importance may gradually decline over time.

28. How Do Euro Banknotes and Coins Compare to Other Major Currencies?

Euro banknotes and coins compare to other major currencies in several key aspects:

Global Reserve Currency: The euro is the second most widely held reserve currency in the world, after the US dollar.
Economic Size: The Eurozone economy is one of the largest in the world, supporting the value of the euro.
Monetary Policy: The European Central Bank’s (ECB) monetary policy decisions influence the value of the euro relative to other currencies.
Political Stability: Political stability in the Eurozone is crucial for maintaining confidence in the euro.

According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the euro plays a significant role in the global financial system.

29. What Role Do Euro Banknotes and Coins Play in International Trade?

Euro banknotes and coins play a significant role in international trade:

Trade Invoicing: Many international trade transactions are invoiced in euros, particularly within Europe and between Europe and other regions.
Reserve Currency: The euro is held as a reserve currency by many central banks around the world, facilitating international trade and investment.
Payment Currency: The euro is widely accepted as a means of payment for international transactions.

The euro’s role in international trade contributes to its importance as a global currency.

30. What Are the Most Common Counterfeit Euro Banknotes and Coins?

Counterfeit euro banknotes and coins pose a risk to businesses and consumers. The most commonly counterfeited denominations are:

Banknotes: €20 and €50 banknotes are the most frequently counterfeited denominations.
Coins: €2 coins are the most commonly counterfeited coins.

It’s important to be aware of the security features of euro banknotes and coins to detect counterfeits.

31. How Can I Verify the Authenticity of Euro Banknotes and Coins?

Verifying the authenticity of euro banknotes and coins is essential to avoid accepting counterfeits. Key steps include:

Feel: Check for raised print on banknotes and sharp edges on coins.
Look: Hold banknotes against the light to check for watermarks and security threads.
Tilt: Tilt banknotes to check for color-changing ink and holographic images.

The European Central Bank (ECB) provides detailed information on how to verify the authenticity of euro banknotes and coins on its website.

32. What Should I Do if I Suspect I Have a Counterfeit Euro Banknote or Coin?

If you suspect you have a counterfeit euro banknote or coin:

Do not accept it.
Notify the police or your bank.
Provide as much information as possible about where you received the banknote or coin.

It’s important to report counterfeit banknotes and coins to help combat counterfeiting.

33. What Are the Rules for Reproducing Images of Euro Banknotes and Coins?

The European Central Bank (ECB) has rules regarding the reproduction of images of euro banknotes and coins:

Reproductions must be easily distinguishable from genuine banknotes and coins.
Reproductions must not be used in a way that could be mistaken for legal tender.
Reproductions must comply with copyright laws.

The ECB’s website provides detailed information on the rules for reproducing images of euro banknotes and coins.

34. What Is the Cash Cycle and How Does It Affect Euro Banknotes and Coins?

The cash cycle refers to the process by which euro banknotes and coins are issued, distributed, used, and eventually returned to the central bank. The cash cycle involves:

Issuance: The European Central Bank (ECB) and national central banks issue euro banknotes and coins.
Distribution: Banks and other financial institutions distribute cash to businesses and consumers.
Usage: Businesses and consumers use cash for transactions.
Return: Banks and other financial institutions return cash to the central bank for processing and destruction of worn or damaged banknotes and coins.

The cash cycle ensures that euro banknotes and coins remain in good condition and that counterfeits are removed from circulation.

35. What Research and Development Is Being Conducted on Euro Banknotes?

The European Central Bank (ECB) invests in research and development to:

Enhance Security Features: Develop new security features to combat counterfeiting.
Improve Durability: Increase the lifespan of euro banknotes.
Reduce Environmental Impact: Develop more sustainable banknote production processes.

The ECB’s research and development efforts are crucial for maintaining the integrity and sustainability of euro banknotes.

36. What is the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on euro banknotes and coins?

The COVID-19 pandemic has had several notable effects on the use and perception of euro banknotes and coins:

Decline in Cash Usage: Many consumers and businesses shifted to digital payments due to concerns about hygiene and potential virus transmission via physical currency. According to the European Central Bank (ECB), there was a noticeable decrease in cash transactions during the peak of the pandemic as more people opted for contactless payment methods.
Increased Demand for Large Denominations: Paradoxically, the demand for large denomination banknotes, particularly the €200 and €500 notes, saw an increase. This was partly attributed to their use as a store of value during uncertain economic times, as people preferred holding cash.
Hygiene Concerns and Promotion of Contactless Payments: Health organizations initially suggested that the virus could survive on surfaces, including banknotes, leading to widespread promotion of contactless payment options by financial institutions and governments.
ECB’s Response: The ECB actively monitored the situation and conducted research on the survival of the virus on banknotes. While they reassured the public that the risk of transmission via banknotes was low, the overall trend towards digital payments accelerated.
Long-Term Shift: The pandemic has likely accelerated the long-term shift towards digital payment methods, which may have lasting implications for the role and usage of euro banknotes and coins in the future. As digital infrastructure improves and consumer habits change, physical currency might see a continued decline in daily transactions.

37. What are the new themes for future Euro banknotes?

The Eurosystem is working on the design of a new series of banknotes in which citizens are playing a very important role.
The Governing Council of the European Central Bank (ECB) selected “European culture” and “Rivers and birds” as the possible themes to choose from for future euro banknotes. The decision takes into account the results of surveys conducted in the summer of 2023, for the European public to express their preferences from seven shortlisted themes. The ECB is expected to decide on the final designs, and when to produce and issue the new banknotes, in 2026.

38. Euro Banknotes and Coins FAQs

Here are some frequently asked questions about euro banknotes and coins:

Q: Are old euro banknotes still valid?

A: Yes, all euro banknotes from the first series are still legal tender.

Q: Where can I exchange old euro banknotes?

A: You can exchange old euro banknotes at your bank or national central bank.

Q: How can I tell if a euro coin is counterfeit?

A: Check for sharp edges, consistent coloring, and the correct weight and size.

Q: Are there any plans to introduce new euro coins?

A: There are no immediate plans to introduce new euro coins, but the European Central Bank (ECB) is exploring the possibility of a digital euro.

Q: What is the lifespan of a euro banknote?

A: The lifespan of a euro banknote varies depending on the denomination and usage, but on average, it is between 1 and 4 years.

Q: How many euro banknotes are in circulation?

A: The number of euro banknotes in circulation varies, but it is typically around 30 billion.

Q: What is the value of all euro banknotes in circulation?

A: The value of all euro banknotes in circulation is typically over €1.5 trillion.

Q: How do euro banknotes compare to US dollar banknotes?

A: Euro banknotes have more advanced security features and are printed on pure cotton paper, while US dollar banknotes are printed on a blend of cotton and linen.

Q: What is the future of cash in the Eurozone?

A: While digital payments are becoming more popular, cash is expected to remain an important means of payment in the Eurozone for the foreseeable future.

Q: How can I stay informed about the latest developments related to euro banknotes and coins?

A: Visit euro2.net for real-time exchange rates, expert analysis, and up-to-date news and information.

We hope this guide has provided you with a comprehensive overview of euro banknotes and coins. For more information and tools, visit euro2.net today. Stay informed, make smart financial decisions, and navigate the world of euro exchange rates with confidence.

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Website: euro2.net.

What Are Euro Banknotes and Coins? Your Ultimate Guide